allithiamine australia is a dietary supplement that contains a natural fat-soluble form of vitamin B1. This special form of the vitamin can pass through the cell membrane without needing to be attached to a protein. This ability is what gives the supplement its name, allithiamine. It is also what makes it different from other thiamine supplements. Allithiamine is a disulfide derivative of thiamine that occurs naturally in the bulbs of many allium species. This compound is more effective than thiamine alone in treating certain disorders, including thiamine deficiency and alcoholism.

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Allithiamine can be obtained from allium species by solid-liquid extraction or chemical synthesis. However, until now it has only been found in garlic (Allium sativum) plants. Recently, red sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) seeds were found to contain allithiamine as well. This led to the development of a new extraction procedure and the isolation of allithiamine from pepper seeds, along with an analytical method.

The isolated allithiamine was identified by reversed phase HPLC and HPLC-MS/MS. 1H-NMR spectral assignments were determined based on COSY and 1H-1H couplings, and 13C-NMR spectra were analyzed using the HMBC technique. These data clearly demonstrated that the HPLC fraction contained N-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-N-[(2E)-5-hydroxy-3-(prop-2-en-1-yldisulfanyl)pent-2-en-2-yl]formamide, i.e., allithiamine.

We tested the effects of allithiamine on human umbilical vein endothelial cells and on streptozocin-induced diabetic mice with neuropathy. Our results showed that allithiamine improved hyperglycaemia-induced endothelial dysfunction and neuropathic pain sensation, similar to benfothiamine. Furthermore, allithiamine was able to eliminate ROS in the presence of H2O2. This finding supports the idea that allithiamine can improve diabetic neuropathy through its antioxidative effect.